The Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences founded in 1966 in Wroclaw is one of the largest research institutions in Poland. Physical and chemical properties of matter and its transformation at low temperatures and under high magnetic fields are the main subjects investigated at INTiBS the Institute. The Department of Cryothermometry was one of the first departments opened at the Institute. Since 1978 the Department has co-operated with CNR – Istituto di Metrologia “G. Colonnetti” (IMGC-presently INRIM) in Turin in a scientific co-operation agreement between the Polish Academy of Sciences and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. As a result of the co-operation primary thermometry was developed and temperature standards for low temperature range were established at the Institute. At present in Poland two national standards of the temperature unit are maintained – one for the higher temperatures at the Central Office of Measures (MG) in Warsaw and another one – below 0 °C at INTiBS. INTiBS is a Designated Institute within EURAMET. INTiBS has co-operated with several European metrological institutions, between 2000 – 2003 it participated in the European Framework 5 project No G6RD-CT-1999-00114 for the construction of cryogenic fixed point cells MULTICELLS.